Käskystä ja pyynnöstä kertominen
Kun halutaan kertoa käskystä tai pyynnöstä, voidaan käyttää verbiä, kuten 'tell' to-lauseen kanssa: He told me to go away. Kaava on verbi + epäsuora objekti + to-lause. Epäsuora objekti on se henkilö, jolle puhutaan. Muita verbejä, jota käytetään kertomaan käskystä tai pyynnöstä tällä tapaa ovat: command, order, warn, ask, advise, invite, beg, teach, & forbid.
Esimerkkejä
| Suora puhe | Epäsuora puhe |
|---|---|
| The doctor said to me, "Stop smoking!". | The doctor told me to stop smoking. |
| "Get out of the car!" said the policeman. | The policeman ordered him to get out of the car. |
| "Could you please be quiet," she said. | She asked me to be quiet. |
| The man with the gun said to us, "Don't move!" | The man with the gun warned us not to move. |
Kun pyydetään jotain
Kun pyydetään jotain, käytetään kaavaa "asked for" + objekti.
Esimerkkejä
| Suora puhe | Epäsuora puhe |
|---|---|
| "Can I have an apple?", she asked. | She asked for an apple. |
| "Can I have the newspaper, please?" | He asked for the newspaper. |
| "May I have a glass of water?" he said. | He asked for a glass of water. |
| "Sugar, please." | She asked for the sugar. |
| "Could I have three kilos of onions?" | He asked for three kilos of onions. |
Ehdotukset
Ehdotuksista kerrotaan useimmiten käyttämällä verbejä suggest, insist, recommend, demand, request, ja ehdotus, jonka jälkeen tulee that-lause. 'That' ja 'should' ovat valinnaisia näissä lauseissa, niin kuin kahdesta ensimmäisestä esimerkistä näkyy. Huomaa, että sanojen suggest, recommend, ja propose jälkeen voi olla myös gerundi, jotta epäsuora objekti saadaan eliminoitua (ehdotuksen saaja), ja siten ehdotus on kohteliaampi. Gerundin käyttö esitetään 4. ja 5. esimerkissä alla.
Esimerkkejä
| Suora puhe | Epäsuora puhe |
|---|---|
| She said, "Why don't you get a mechanic to look at the car?" |
She suggested that I should get a mechanic to look at the car. TAI She suggested I should get a mechanic to look at the car. TAI She suggested that I get a mechanic to look at the car.TAI She suggested I get a mechanic to look at the car. |
| "Why don't you go to the doctor?" he said. |
He suggested I go to the doctor. TAI He suggested that I go to the doctor. TAI He suggested I should go to the doctor.TAI He suggested that I should go to the doctor. |
| "It would be a good idea to see the dentist", said my mother. | My mother suggested I see the dentist. |
| The dentist said, "I think you should use a different toothbrush". | The dentist recommended using a different toothbrush. |
| You said, "I don't think you have time to see the dentist this week." | You suggested postponing my visit to the dentist. |
| I said, "I don't think you should see the dentist this week." | I suggested postponing your visit to the dentist. |
| My manager said, "I think we should examine the budget carefully at this meeting." | My manager proposed that we examine the budget carefully at the meeting. |
| "Why don't you sleep overnight at my house?" she said. | She suggested that I sleep overnight at her house. |